The Jim and Vanita Oelschlager
Native American Ethnographic Collection
"Drums, Tomahawks, and the Horse: Native American Cultural Tools"
Everyday Tools
Burden Basket
Burden baskets were originally ordinary gathering baskets used to collect food or kindling. Women wore the baskets across their shoulders and body. At the end of the day the basket was hung outside the entrance to their home, essentially leaving the troubles and the burdens of the day behind.
Starting in the 1880s women made baskets to trade, these baskets were highly decorated but avoided religious or traditional cultural symbols. Apache women still weave the traditional burden baskets, for both use and as a commodity.
The baskets are made from cottonwood or willow tree fibers. Women strip the bark from the wood and use the inner bark for weaving. The fibers are soaked in water for flexibility and then dyed. The burden basket in this exhibition features a deer motif and is trimmed with soft yellow tanned hide. It is a modern adaptation and made to sell to collectors.

Burden Basket ca. 1990 Apache. Southwest. Leather, Reed. H17” x D13”

Burden Basket ca. 1990 Apache. Southwest. Leather, Reed. H17” x D13”

Burden Basket ca. 1990 Apache. Southwest. Leather, Reed. H17” x D13”

Burden Basket ca. 1990 Apache. Southwest. Leather, Reed. H17” x D13”

Burden Basket ca. 1990 Apache. Southwest. Leather, Reed. H17” x D13”

Burden Basket ca. 1990 Apache. Southwest. Leather, Reed. H17” x D13”

Burden Basket ca. 1990 Apache. Southwest. Leather, Reed. H17” x D13”

Burden Basket ca. 1990 Apache. Southwest. Leather, Reed. H17” x D13”

Burden Basket ca. 1990 Apache. Southwest. Leather, Reed. H17” x D13”

Pump drill ca. 1880 Great Plains. Wood, Rope, Stone. L18” x W15”

Pump drill ca. 1880 Great Plains. Wood, Rope, Stone. L18” x W15”

Pump drill ca. 1880 Great Plains. Wood, Rope, Stone. L18” x W15”

Pump drill ca. 1880 Great Plains. Wood, Rope, Stone. L18” x W15”

Pump drill ca. 1880 Great Plains. Wood, Rope, Stone. L18” x W15”
Pump Drill
Pump drills have been used for hundreds of years in North America, but early forms of drills appear in many ancient cultures around the world.
They can be used to start fires, drill holes in rock or wood, or drill holes into small objects to make beads. They are still used today in the jeweler profession for the best precision for tiny details.
The large pump drill in this exhibition works by pumping the crossbar in an up and down motion, which causes the string to rotate the shaft and create friction.
The bird-shaped stone piece located on the shaft and below the crossbar of the pump drill is meant to keep the momentum going and allow the strings to rewrap around the shaft in the opposite direction.
Fish Trap
River Fish Trap
ca. 1910
Abenaki. Maine. Reed, Willow, Leather.
L21” x D8”

River Fish Trap ca. 1910 Abenaki. Maine. Reed, Willow, Leather. L21” x D8”

River Fish Trap ca. 1910 Abenaki. Maine. Reed, Willow, Leather. L21” x D8”

River Fish Trap ca. 1910 Abenaki. Maine. Reed, Willow, Leather. L21” x D8”

River Fish Trap ca. 1910 Abenaki. Maine. Reed, Willow, Leather. L21” x D8”

River Fish Trap ca. 1910 Abenaki. Maine. Reed, Willow, Leather. L21” x D8”

River Fish Trap ca. 1910 Abenaki. Maine. Reed, Willow, Leather. L21” x D8”

Bird Snare ca. 1800 Iroquois. Great Lakes. Wood. String. H19.25" x W17" x D1.5"

Bird Snare ca. 1800 Iroquois. Great Lakes. Wood. String. H19.25" x W17" x D1.5"

Bird Snare ca. 1800 Iroquois. Great Lakes. Wood. String. H19.25" x W17" x D1.5"

Bird Snare ca. 1800 Iroquois. Great Lakes. Wood. String. H19.25" x W17" x D1.5"
Bird Snare
Bird Snare
ca. 1800
Iroquois. Great Lakes.
Wood. String.
H19.25" x W17" x D1.5"
Berry Basket
Berry/ Wild Rice Basket
ca. 1910
Great Lakes. Bark, Leather.
L17” x D7.5”

Berry/ Wild Rice Basket ca. 1910 Great Lakes. Bark, Leather. L17” x D7.5”

Berry/ Wild Rice Basket ca. 1910 Great Lakes. Bark, Leather. L17” x D7.5”

Berry/ Wild Rice Basket ca. 1910 Great Lakes. Bark, Leather. L17” x D7.5”

Berry/ Wild Rice Basket ca. 1910 Great Lakes. Bark, Leather. L17” x D7.5”

Berry/ Wild Rice Basket ca. 1910 Great Lakes. Bark, Leather. L17” x D7.5”

Berry/ Wild Rice Basket ca. 1910 Great Lakes. Bark, Leather. L17” x D7.5”

Berry/ Wild Rice Basket ca. 1910 Great Lakes. Bark, Leather. L17” x D7.5”

Berry/ Wild Rice Basket ca. 1910 Great Lakes. Bark, Leather. L17” x D7.5”

Berry/ Wild Rice Basket ca. 1910 Great Lakes. Bark, Leather. L17” x D7.5”